Risk Management - Practical Considerations

Date
In 1996, an outbreak of hepatitis B occurred in 2 electroencephalogram (EEG) clinics in Toronto.1 Investi-gation showed that hepatitis B was transmitted to 75 (confirmed) patients and possibly to others (unconfirmed) by a technician, who was responsible for inserting intradermal electrodes into the scalp of patients. The technician tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). The combination of a health care worker with a high viral load and inadequate infection control practices in the clinics was responsible for what is probably the largest documented outbreak of hepatitis B in a health care setting.