Body
Calcifications are the result of chronic inflammatory processes such as occlusal trauma, caries and aging. Gaining entrance into a calcified canal system can be extremely tricky and even impossible at times. This audiovisual presentation guides you through the various techniques and instruments that can help treat calcified canals.
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Further Readings
- Amir FA, Gutmann JL, Witherspoon DE. Calcific metamorphosis: a challenge in endodontic diagnosis and treatment. Quintessence Int. 2001;32(6):447-55.
- Krasner P, Rankow HJ. Anatomy of the pulp-chamber floor. J Endod. 2004;30(1):5-16.
- Schafer KG. Treatment of calcified root canals. Ont Dent. 1996;73(10):21-3.